Alternate Access Mapping (AAM) is a feature in SharePoint that enables mapping of different URLs to specific zones in order to provide accessibility and security for users accessing the SharePoint site. AAM allows SharePoint to respond correctly to requests from different URLs and ensures that links within the site are generated with the appropriate URL.
The zones in SharePoint, in the context of AAM, represent different access paths or URLs through which users can access the SharePoint site. There are five predefined zones in SharePoint:
Default Zone:
The Default Zone is the main access point for users and represents the primary URL used to access the SharePoint site. This is typically the internal URL within the organization's network.
Intranet Zone:
The Intranet Zone is used for internal network access. It allows users within the organization's network to access the SharePoint site securely without additional authentication steps. This zone is often used for intranet scenarios.
Internet Zone:
The Internet Zone is designed for external access to the SharePoint site. It allows users from outside the organization's network, such as partners, clients, or remote employees, to access the site securely.
Extranet Zone:
The Extranet Zone is similar to the Internet Zone but is specifically configured for external users who require a higher level of access. It allows organizations to collaborate and share information with external parties securely, such as customers or suppliers.
Custom Zone:
The Custom Zone allows for additional flexibility and can be used to create additional access mappings for specific scenarios. It enables organizations to define their own custom URL and access rules.
By configuring alternate access mappings, you can ensure that users can access the SharePoint site using different URLs or from different network zones while maintaining the correct mappings and security settings. It helps SharePoint understand and correctly route incoming requests based on the URL used, enhancing accessibility and usability for users in various scenarios.
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